Integrated Use of Subsurface and CO2 for Enhanced Recovery of Resources - Way to Sustainable Development and Synergy with Renewable Energy

The main unconventional energy technologies, including those aiming on fighting global climate change are considered for climate change mitigation and sustainable development. Research and development within five pillars of sustainability are required for implementation of these technologies. Economic, social, and environmental pillars were determined since 1987. Political support and technological development are additional pillars proposed here for sustainable development of underground resources. Integrated use of the underground resources is one of the possible ways for sustainable development, permitting to share geological information, perform common techno-economic feasibility studies, share infrastructure and labour costs, and to improve overall economics of exploration and exploitation of underground resources. Synergy of CO2 storage and CO2 use for enhanced recovery of energy resources and renewables can also reduce costs of these technologies. The underground can be used for several purposes at the same site. The shallowest resources are potable water and geothermal energy, followed by gas storage, CO2 and energy storage and deep geothermal energy, which potential is increasing with depth. Different requirements for storage of various media could determine the priority for using of subsurface and avoid conflict of uses. Cheaper technologies could be easier transferred to developing nations supporting social equity of population