Średniowieczne optimum klimatyczne w zapisie paleo-pedologicznym: gleba typu Grębociny w osadach wydm śródlądowych

Buried paleosols documented in Polish aeolian dunes comprise predominantly Arenosols and only occasionally well-developed Podzols. Occurrences of fossil Podzols found in 10 inland dune sites dispersed throughout central and eastern Poland share similar pedological properties, geomorphological setting , and age in the 5-15 th century AD range of the historical Middle Ages. A pedostratigraphic marker under the name Grębociny soil is designated, after a locality with the most advanced podzolization of the paleosol dated to the High Middle Ages (1000-1300 AD). The Podzols were preserved by burial during anthropogenically induced dune remobilization. Prevalent podzolization during the Middle Ages, in contrast to preceding and later times, could be facilitated not only by human activities, but also by relatively warm and humid climate of the Medieval Climatic Optimum (ca. 900-1400 AD).