Ichnotaxonomy: A Burrow by Any Other Name…?

Ichnotaxonomy is a formal, hierarchical classification system for trace fossils (=ichnofossils, the fossilized results of behavior). It includes a binomial nomenclature similar to the zoological taxonomic hierarchy applied to organisms. A common observation from non-ichnologists is that a formal system of classification and nomenclature for footprints, burrows, and other holes in the ground seems a bit excessive. Surely a burrow by any other name is still a burrow? However, ichnology has a real need of formal classification and names. There is a great diversity of both trace fossils and of processes that affect their form. Understanding and making use of this diversity requires an effective and generally agreed upon means of classification and nomenclature. To show that this is the case, one must understand both the principles of classification and how they are applied to trace fossils.