Sponges of the Ordovician Maquoketa Formation in Minnesota and Iowa

Lithistid and hexactinellid sponges occur in the Maquoketa Formation in southern Minnesota and northeastern Iowa as scattered to common sponges or as isolated spicules, except for old collections from near Clermont, Iowa, now housed in the Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago), and for more recent collections from Fillmore County, Minnesota. The new anthaspidellid species Aulocopella scelidos, Aulocopella dactylos and Aulocopella probolos are described. The new astylospongid genera Camellaspongia and Phialaspongia are described, with the new species Camellaspongia tumula and Phialaspongia fossa. These latter forms are associated with Hindia sphaeroidalis Duncan and the related new genus and species Cotylahindia panaca in outcrops of the formation in the Fillmore County region of southeastern Minnesota. Isolated hexactine and pentactine spicules occur scattered through matrix associated with the other sponges as well as from other beds of the formation. These spicules are of such general shapes that further identification is not