Tagasi otsingusse
Twitchett & Barras, 2004

Trace fossils in the aftermath of mass extinction events

Twitchett, R. J., Barras, C. G.
DOI
DOI10.1144/GSL.SP.2004.228.01.18
Aasta2004
RaamatThe Application of Ichnology to Palaeoenvironmental and Stratigraphic Analysis
Toimetaja(d)McIlroy, D.
AjakiriGeological Society, London, Special Publications
Kuulub kogumikkuMcIlroy, 2004 (eds)
Köide228
Number1
Leheküljed397-418
Tüüpartikkel ajakirjas
Keelinglise
Id8156

Abstrakt

Ichnology has great potential to advance our understanding of mass extinction events and yet is currently an underutilized resource in such studies. Here we review published ichnological studies for the Ordovician-Silurian, Permian-Triassic and Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction-recovery intervals. In addition, new information regarding the Triassic-Jurassic ichnological record from England, Austria and the western USA is presented. Trace fossils provide important information on the ecological response of the benthic community at such times. In the immediate post-extinction aftermath, the ichnodiversity, burrow size, depth of bioturbation, and ichnofabric index of the sediments are all much reduced. There is an increase in all these parameters through the post-extinction recovery period. In some cases, the stepwise reappearance of certain distinctive ichnotaxa (e.g. Diplocraterion, Rhizocorallium and Thalassinoides) may be of some stratigraphic use. Evidence from Permian-Triassic studies indicates that recovery took longer at low (tropical) palaeolatitudes than mid-high palaeolatitudes. Trace fossils also provide important information on palaeoenvironmental change through the extinction-recovery interval. The application of ichnology to mass extinction studies is in its infancy, but should prove a valuable tool in future research.

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