Bioerosion on Holocene micromolluscs in the Bahia Blanca Estuary, Argentina

In spite of their size, micromolluscs, can be affected by bioerosive activity of organisms on their valves. Of 107 molluscs species found in Holocene sand shell ridges, 35% (38 species) belong to micromolluscs. Only 22 species show bioerosion on their valves. Among bioerosive structures are borings and etchings. Borings are due to predatory activity by naticid and muricid gastropods done in life of micromolluscs. The holes are circular and truncated cone-shaped. A single complete hole is invariably present on gastropods, while common multiple and uncomplete borings occur on bivalve shells. These borings are assigned to Oichnus simplex Bromley and Oichnus paraboloides Bromley. Another group of trace fossils is represented by etchings made by cheilostome bryozoans. The pits have elliptical morphology and are uniserially arranged on micromollusc valves; they are assigned to Leptichnus dromeus Taylor, Wilson and Bromley and are done either in life as postmortem. From an ethologic point of view the trace fossils have been grouped in two categories: predation structures (Praedichia): Oichnus simplex and Oichnus paraboloides and dwelling traces (Domichnia): Leptichnus dromeus.